If you've just learned you have type 2 diabetes, it's normal to have mixed emotions. You may feel angry about having the disease. You may feel relieved to have a diagnosis—and a plan. You might also think, "Why me?"

The disease results from a complicated interplay between genetics and lifestyle. 

“We don't fully understand why some people get it and others don't,” says Sharareh Mazaheri, MD, a family medicine physician at Watson Clinic’s Main location. “But they do know that there are ways to reduce the risk of the serious complications associated with diabetes.”

So, now that diabetes has been diagnosed, it's time to look forward. Ask yourself: What can I do now to control this disease?

According to the American Diabetes Association, you should:    

Create a meal plan—and stick to it. “Your doctor or a dietitian will help you adjust your diet to meet your blood sugar goals,” says Maha A. Jalab, MD, an internal medicine specialist at Watson Clinic South.

You can probably expect to:

• Count carbohydrates, which raise blood sugar the most.

• Get more fiber, which can be found in fruits, vegetables, beans and whole grains. Eat less salt and saturated fats.

Exercise most days of the week. “Physical activity helps keep your blood sugar and blood pressure under control—and it even helps insulin work better. It's also a great way to relieve stress,” Dr. Jalab says.

Try to work up to at least 30 minutes of aerobic activity a day, five days a week. And aim to do some strength training and stretching too. Work with your doctor to create an exercise plan that suits you.

Know your blood glucose level. “Medications, a healthy diet and regular exercise can help control your blood sugar,” Dr. Jalab says. “But you need feedback to make sure these interventions are working. That's why it's important to monitor your blood sugar as directed by your doctor.”

He or she will help you determine your target glucose level and how often you should check your blood. Many people test several times a day. Record the results to share with your doctor.

You should also have an A1C test at least twice a year. It tests average blood glucose levels over time.

“Managing blood sugar isn't always easy—but it's worth it,” says Dr. Mazaheri. “If you stick with it, you'll have more energy, feel less tired and avoid many of the health problems associated with uncontrolled diabetes.”